In the late 1600s to late 1700s a number of scientists were working on understanding the how the volume, temperature, pressure and the amount  of a gas are related to one another. In this lesson, we will explore the laws that these scientists developed,

1. Boyle’s Law (Relating pressure of a gas and volume of a gas)
2. Charle’s Law (Relating tempearture of a gas and volume of a gas)
3. Gay-Lussac’s Law (Relating pressure of a gas and temperature of a gas)
4. Avogadro’s Law (Relating volume of a gas to the amount of a gas)
5. The combined Gas Law (Relating pressure, temperature and volume of a gas)

 

Boyle’s Law

Robert Boyle, an Irish physicist, published his law in 1662. His law was based on research involving the relationship of the pressure of a gas and volume of gas. Boyle stated that at a constant temperature, the product of a gases volume and pressure is always a constant. He proved this mathematically with the following equation.

 

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Charles’s Law

Jacques Charles, a French scientist, is credited with the the founding a law that relates the relationship between volume and temperature of gas. Through Charles’s experimentation in the late 1700s, the law was developed and states that for a gas at a constant pressure, the volume of that gas is directly proportional to its temperature. This law was proven mathematically with the following equation.

 

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Gay-Lussac’s Law

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, a French chemist, published his law in 1802. His law states that the pressure that a gas exerts on the sides of a container of a fixed volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas. His law was proven mathematically with the following equation.

 

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Avogadro’s Law

Amedeo Avogadro, an Italian scientist, hypothesized in 1811, that if you have two equal volume samples of a gas at the same temperature and pressure, the two samples will contain the exact same number of molecules. His law was proven mathematically with the following equation.

 

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The Combined Gas Law

The combined gas law has no official founder. It is the combination of Boyle’ law, Charles’s Law, and Gay-Lussac’s law. The combined gas law has the following equation.